{"id":875,"date":"2025-01-07T10:25:51","date_gmt":"2025-01-07T10:25:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/istinad.org\/?page_id=875"},"modified":"2025-04-11T10:57:58","modified_gmt":"2025-04-11T08:57:58","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%82","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/istinad.org\/ar\/%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%86%d8%ad%d9%86\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%82\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-left is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-1 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--1\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-7-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/istinad.org\/ar\/about\/team\/\">English<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained wp-container-2 is-position-sticky\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-11 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-container-core-column-is-layout-1 wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized has-custom-border\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"540\" height=\"540\" src=\"https:\/\/istinad.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Muzan-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1128\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:250px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istinad.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Muzan-1.jpg 540w, https:\/\/istinad.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Muzan-1-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/istinad.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Muzan-1-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\">\u0645\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px;border-radius:0px;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-2 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-fill\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-5-color has-ast-global-color-2-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/istinad.org\/ar\/author\/muzan_1-ar\/\" style=\"border-width:16px;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\"><strong>\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized has-custom-border\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"324\" height=\"322\" src=\"https:\/\/istinad.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Gussai.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1122\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:250px;height:250px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istinad.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Gussai.jpg 324w, https:\/\/istinad.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Gussai-300x298.jpg 300w, https:\/\/istinad.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Gussai-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 324px) 100vw, 324px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\">\u0642\u0635\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\">\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-3 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-fill\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-5-color has-ast-global-color-2-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/istinad.org\/ar\/author\/gussai-ar\/\" style=\"border-width:16px;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\"><strong>\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-content-justification-center is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-4 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized has-custom-border\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"540\" height=\"540\" src=\"https:\/\/istinad.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Razaz.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1126\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:250px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istinad.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Razaz.jpg 540w, https:\/\/istinad.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Razaz-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/istinad.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Razaz-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\">\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u062d.\u0628\u0634\u064a\u0631<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px;border-radius:0px;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-4 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-fill\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-5-color has-ast-global-color-2-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/istinad.org\/ar\/author\/razaz-ar\/\" style=\"border-width:16px;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\"><strong>\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-content-justification-center is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-6 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized has-custom-border\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"704\" height=\"704\" src=\"https:\/\/istinad.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/MA.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1123\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:250px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istinad.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/MA.jpg 704w, https:\/\/istinad.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/MA-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/istinad.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/MA-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 704px) 100vw, 704px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\">\u0645\u0639\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u064a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px;border-radius:0px;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-5 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-fill\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-5-color has-ast-global-color-2-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/istinad.org\/ar\/author\/%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%b2-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a\/\" style=\"border-width:16px;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\"><strong>\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-content-justification-center is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized has-custom-border\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"409\" height=\"410\" src=\"https:\/\/istinad.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Bakri.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1120\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:250px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istinad.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Bakri.jpg 409w, https:\/\/istinad.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Bakri-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/istinad.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Bakri-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 409px) 100vw, 409px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\">\u0623\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0631<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px;border-radius:0px;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-6 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-fill\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-5-color has-ast-global-color-2-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/istinad.org\/ar\/author\/%d8%a3%d8%a8%d9%88%d8%a8%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%b1\/\" style=\"border-width:16px;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\"><strong>\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-content-justification-center is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-10 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized has-custom-border\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"537\" height=\"537\" src=\"https:\/\/istinad.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/MS.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1124\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:250px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istinad.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/MS.jpg 537w, https:\/\/istinad.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/MS-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/istinad.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/MS-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 537px) 100vw, 537px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\">\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635.\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px;border-radius:0px;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-7 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-fill\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-5-color has-ast-global-color-2-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/istinad.org\/ar\/author\/mohamed-salah-ar\/\" style=\"border-width:16px;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\"><strong>\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-content-justification-center is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-16 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized has-custom-border\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"705\" height=\"704\" src=\"https:\/\/istinad.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Elaf.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1121\" style=\"border-radius:100px;object-fit:cover;width:250px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istinad.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Elaf.jpg 705w, https:\/\/istinad.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Elaf-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/istinad.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Elaf-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 705px) 100vw, 705px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\">\u0625\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px;border-radius:0px;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-8 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-fill\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-5-color has-ast-global-color-2-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/istinad.org\/ar\/author\/%d8%a7%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%81-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%8a%d8%b1\/\" style=\"border-width:16px;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\"><strong>\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0635\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0631\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u062d.\u0628\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635.\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0625\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":911,"menu_order":9,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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